Financial crisis Essay

The current financial crisis that has caused world economic slowdown is forcing government agencies and financial market to re-think on their practices in order to avoid any possible future occurrence of the same. The financial crisis affected regulators and financial market as well and this reason why regulatory agencies are calling for strict supervision of financial markets (Bernanke). Impacts on regulation One of the regulators in the financial market is the Federal Reserve responsible for developing procedures used to supervise the markets. The current financial turmoil has forced the Federal Reserve to re-look at its supervision and macro-prudential orientation to financial oversight (Bernanke). The financial crisis has also led to the development of new tools by regulators e. g. the Federal Reserve Term Auction facility that can be used to tackle the financial crisis. Federal Reserve and other financial markets supervisors e. g. Financial Stability Board, Presidents Working Group on financial market and Senior Supervisors Groups have realized the importance of collaboration as well as international corporation so as to learn from other experiences abroad to gauge the performance of US institutions (Bernanke). There have been concerted efforts to ensure prudential supervision and consumer protection so as to avert future crises. Regulators have also emphasized on increased vigilance to ensure that the set standard are met. Regulators e. g. the Federal Reserve have been forced to improve on their internal procedure e. g. on communication of information in order to establish priority areas that need supervision and analyze emerging trends in the financial markets. Continuous supervision has also become an important aspect of consumer compliance to ensure enhance monitoring of largest banks (Bernanke). Impacts on financial system Clearly one of the biggest ways in which the financial market has been affected by the crisis is on the aspect of supervision. The regulatory agencies like the Federal Reserve has been forced to re-evaluate how they supervise the financial markets. The effects of this is that the financial market is able to operate according to the set standard thus minimize the recurrence of a crisis like this in the future. The financial crisis was also affected the products introduced by financial institutions. The regulators require that companies evaluate the possible unintended consequences of the products that they introduce to the market. The way companies compensate its management and employees is another factor that is under scrutiny by the regulators. Compensation and bonuses awarded to employees should be in line with the long term objectives of the company. The corporate governance and risk management is the factor that companies are required to consider in order to ensure long term survival of these institutions. Improved regulation The key to avoiding future financial crisis is by enhancing regulation within the financial sector. This includes expanding the capacity of the existing regulatory and ensuring compliance of the set standard of operations (Bernanke). One of the way in which regulation can help improve the financial sector is in the area of new product introduction. Companies should be able to analyze the potential effects of new product they introduce into the market (Bernanke). Management of risk is the other aspect that companies should look into. Companies need to develop risk management techniques that ensure their long term survival. Apart from managing these risks, companies should have capabilities of identifying risk facing them. Regulation on capital and liquidity is one of the key elements in financial sector. Companies are required to be adequately capitalized in order to fund their operations well. It is no secret that the current crisis was precipitated by lack of liquidity in the market. Conclusion It is clear from the current financial crisis that to ensure sound financial market, improved regulation and prudent financial operations on the part of companies is important. Companies are required to maintain adequate liquidity, capital and institute risk identification and management tools. On the other hand regulators should increase on supervision to ensure adherence to set standards (Bernanke). Works cited Bernanke, Ben S. Federal Reserve. 9th May 2009. 26th May 2009 .

Naval Officer Essay

It was said by John F. Kennedy that â€Å"Leadership and learning are indispensable to each other. † Indispensable factors are those known to be undeniably necessary, essential, or obligatory to one another. This unique relationship between leadership and learning is particularly relevant to my motivation. The ambition I have to become a Naval Officer stems from my drive to lead; but I dare not lead without continuing to pursue my hunger to learn. I desire to guide, to have responsibility, and more importantly, to be an example. Bringing out the best in those I am directing and becoming someone that people can truly look up to; that is my primary intention. The military has gradually been becoming a tradition in my family. Honor, Courage, and Commitment are all aspects of a leader with which I grew up and that are now, my core being. I’m destined to become apart of these extraordinary people. The ones who can be distinguished by the pride with which they hold themselves and the confidence with which they speak. The ones who fly jets, command battleships, and dive submarines; most people can only imagine such careers. They are willing not only to sacrifice their life for their country, but also to lead men and women who are willing to do the same. They have to make quick decisions that test who they are and will vastly impact the lives of those under their command. This is the type of person I want to be. But like John Dana had stated, â€Å"Who dares to lead must never cease to learn. It is unquestionably impossible to lead successfully without having learned to do so first. My modo is to learn the rules of the game and then to play better than anyone else. I love pushing myself mentally to be the very best I can be. If not in school, in the world; figuring out solutions to different problems and learning from the experiences and people in my life. I am an extremely resourceful person taking every opportunity I get to expand intellectually. It was embedded in me that knowledge is progress; it sparks action. And with action we can convert adversity into prosperity. I am determined to put my knowledge to use for the advancement of our country. I understand that becoming a Naval Officer is going to be far from easy; so I am prepared to go through severe physical and mental training before I receive my commissions. I‘ve always been motivated by challenge. I look forward to the navy pushing me to be an asset to success; doing things that I never thought possible.

Scarce Resources Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Scarce Resources - Essay Example He has the tendency to demand resources even though he does not need them. He may need a mobile phone. But, due to the enticements he receives from TV commercial and other forms of advertisements, he might want more features and capabilities of this product that is beyond his personal and professional needs. The truth that resources are scarce and humans have unlimited wants comprise the economic definition of scarcity. According to Investopedia, scarcity is "the basic economic problem which arises from people having unlimited wants while there are and always will be limited resources." Scarcity is an economic fact that points out the global condition wherein human wants outnumbers "the available supply of time, good and resources (Scarcity vs. Abundance)." This is the fact on which the science of economics is founded on. Resources, especially the non-renewable ones, are limited in its existence. It is therefore the job of the economists and managers to use them efficiently and effectively for the extending its use in its fullest potential. In all aspects and all levels of the economy managing the scarce resources plays a vital role. From households, community, to the national and the international level, proper allocation, distribution, and use of resources is very much needed. Whether it may be the buying of ingredients used for cooking a meal or imposing tariffs and other international trade policies on different commodities and services, effective management of resources is a critical responsibility shouldered by the household managers. For efficient resource distribution economists should do various economic decisions. Usually economic managers, from a household to a global setting are obliged to make trade-offs to maximize the use of different resources. Trade-offs are made when choices are made (collectively or by an individual) to get less of one resource to get more of others (Johnson). If, for example, a mother has to choose between purchasing bread and mayonnaise for her household, she has to make sure that the trade off made will be beneficial to optimize the satisfaction of her family. To evaluate the effectiveness of trade-offs made, opportunity costs should be highly considered. Opportunity cost is the highest esteemed or valued alternative that must be sacrificed to get something. In our last example the mother might consider that the value of bread is greater than the value of the mayonnaise on the basis that it is consumed more. The opportunity cost will be greater if the mother buy more mayonnaise than bread. In this scenario, we can say the trade-off is not economical. Scarcity in Households Jelin (1990) considers a household as social unit consisting of "undifferentiated set of individuals who equally share all activities linked to its maintenance." It is the most basic of social organizations, "a microcosm of relations of production, reproduction, and distribution." In a household setting, the allocation and distribution of resources is dynamic depending on its adaptation to internal and external influences. Daily activities in a household are highly influenced by political, social and other institutions. With all these changes in a household's daily activities the need of effective resources management is very necessary.

Russia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Russia - Essay Example Based on its geopolitical dynamic setting, the Transcaucasian region which is designated to the south of the Caucasus Mountains has been confronted with disputes on intercultural interests among the states and ethnic groups as well as with armed conflicts that are a ‘hotspot’ due to the prevailing martial and political tension within its borders. Normally, there appears instability and reverse reactions over the newly-formed independent states of the Transcaucasian area of Russia which continuously struggle as rivals upon the strategic control of resources and reallocation of the spheres of influence. Hence, analysts are inclined to bear foresight of a socio-economic and political condition in Transcaucasia that is essentially understood in the perspective of examining the affairs of its states namely – Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Armenia with each other, with Russia, and with other powerful nations (Ivanov). On one hand, the current era of globalization may be encouraged by a centripetal force to direct interstate conflicts toward a harmonious approach of a common goal that would necessitate the spirit of mutualism or cooperation. Otherwise, distinct stubborn individual objectives may collectively function as a centrifugal force that drives the historical troubles of the region apart from peaceful settlement. Danilov, Dmitri. â€Å"Russia’s Search for an International Mandate in Transcaucasia.† Chapter V – Contested Borders in the Caucasus. 2013. Web. 25 Mar 2013. http://poli.vub.ac.be/publi/ContBorders/eng/ch0501.htm. Ivanov, et al. â€Å"Russia’s National Security Problems in Transcaucasia and the Era of Globalization.† V|Lex. 2013. Web. 25 Mar 2013.

How dose Hydropower energy effect the environment in the State of Essay

How dose Hydropower energy effect the environment in the State of Wyoming - Essay Example This paper will discuss some of the most common ways through which hydropower energy affects the environment in the state of Wyoming. The movement of water downstream in the plant facilitates the creation of kinetic energy which can be converted into electricity. In the past, hydropower energy plants were quite reliable and efficient than most of the other sources of energy. The hydropower energy majorly depends on precipitation and changes in elevation. The construction and operation of the hydropower dams substantially affect the natural river systems. In most cases, the power plants are usually regulated by the state and federal laws to care for the surrounding and human health (Edwards 15). However, there are other environmental impacts which are closely associated with the power generation technologies. Various studies highlight that hydropower energy is an environmentally clean and safe method of producing electricity. In fact, hydropower energy is more efficient as compared to most of the other sources of electricity. In addition, hydropower energy plants do not contribute to global warming or the formation of acid rain. In the state of Wyoming, there are minor air emissions that are produced by the hydropower energy plants. This is because the amount of fuel which is burnt at the hydropower energy plants is quite negligible. These emissions can also be produced by the vegetation which is located along the riverbed of the dam. These plants can decay in the man-made lake hence releasing methane which is one of the greenhouse gases (MacKay 18). Further analysis proves the bacteria contained in the vegetation can transform mercury which is contained in the rocks in the reservoir into a soluble form. This mercury also affects the aquatic life and poses a serious threat to the citizens of Wyoming. The hydropower energy stations in Wyoming also require the use of man-made lakes, which usually affects the

Program and culture class in architecture Assignment

Program and culture class in architecture - Assignment Example I have particularly chosen this site because it presents a different culture from my own. I come from Indonesia and would like to experience a different culture. A sizeable number of customers attends the cafà © and as such, the number will be enough to draw meaningful conclusion. Riverside Public Library is one of the smallest libraries in the United States and I can easily access it since it is public. It is not congested like other public libraries and as such, I can easily conduct my study there. People attend the library from different cultural background and my visit there will provide me with an opportunity to mix and interact with different cultures. I will be able to identify one fellow who will introduce me to the place. The grocery is located with the Guatemalteca Bakery Restaurant and offers Guatemalan and Latin American foods. It is visited by a sizeable number of people and is accessible to members of the public. Since It is mostly attended my Latin American people, I will get an opportunity to interact with the new

Creative Life Writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Creative Life Writing - Essay Example The nighttime was unpleasantly cold. Maureen sat back and remained still on her bed, struggling not to tremble. Any motions or move about could be heard by the other mean convent sisters. She tried to control her breathing, in order not to trigger nausea in the extraordinarily freezing air despite the fact that her heart wanted to beat its way out of her chest. Her body was uneasy, as she had to wait for the morning almost throughout the night. Finally, it was morning, and the chattering and babbling noises of morning birds reverberated throughout the trees. Moreover, she knew she had finally walloped the recognizable gold of her patients. Enthusiasm endangered to compel her gulp of air into an unbalanced struggle for breath, but she tried to remain in control of herself. By now she knew the other sisters were up. She challenged to turn her head over so steadily, to look closely through the spaces between the beds in the dormitory. A pair of shimmering eyes in the narrow glow bounced in her direction. Then she reckoned she would have only seconds. They drew more rapidly, and she allowed her muscles to be overwrought, set for confrontations she would have to face, she thought to herself. Without warning, there was a heavy tap on her shoulder and what followed was the glare of two big eyeballs and a hoarse voice saying, â€Å"Getcha loaf off the bed you muppet!† Maureen starred at Mother Teresa and in her head said to herself, â€Å"I wonder if she knows the Jesus, she preaches about. â€Å"I am having a bad dose, Mother Teresa,† Said Maureen. The look from the gigantic woman made Maureen’s arms move of its individual agreement as she tried to lift her helpless body off the bed. Maureen’s feet reached for the ground. She howled while yawning and gurgled stretching her muscles after a long night. She put on her sandals and walked down the hallway, knowing the routine it was time for morning prayers before taking breakfast. By now, Maureen could not hold her nausea anymore as she headed hurriedly for the bathroom. When there she let it go, and it took all her energy making her sit on the floor despite how unhygienic and unthinkable it was.She slowly opened the door and soon after noticed a shadow below her feet. When she looked up she could see the silhouette of a gigantic woman before her, as the sunlight rays made it difficult to tell who it was. She moved towards Maureen and said, â€Å"Relax my child, it is me, Angela.† Maureen then s tepped back in a manner to hide her face from the blaring sunlight. As she regained her sight, she noticed an elderly woman was staring at her belly. She then said, â€Å"how’s the body me a little child?† Maureen replied, â€Å"Am doing just good sister.† But Angela became persistent and asked, â€Å"And why are ya spoofing off ya mouth here?† Maureen then looked down and said, â€Å"You must not tell anyone of this but am up to the duff Sister.† Angela sat down next to her in astonishment. â€Å"How is that even possible? You are a very young lad!!†

What is IMF Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

What is IMF - Essay Example Good governance is a set of principles that have been adopted by both the World Bank and the IMF to guide them and help them to achieve their objectives and goals in their member countries. The current scenario is that these organizations now are in the process of applying similar standards as the, good governance techniques to various other aspects of the institution, such as transparency and accountability. Other facets include fairness, impartiality, efficiency and ownership (Woods 2000). Though IMF itself is a vast topic, I would like to target solely the governance aspect of the organization. Only good and sound governance of an organization can result in the complete and adequate implementation of its policies. According to Beke (2002) the underlying rationale for governance in IMF is to eliminate corruption and to encourage transparency as well as accountability in all economic policies and issues of any given country. Since, 1997 the IMF has introduced methods to look after the resources of the organization so as to prevent laundering of monetary funds. In addition, means are also taken to track all sorts of expenditures specifically those on poverty related issues. Therefore, governance is required in all phases. Be it the way the money is lent or discharged to a country, in the implementation of certain economy related policies, or be it in within the IMF itself. Therefore, I would like to research all three of these aspects of governance in my study. There are practical reasons behind the adoption of the good governance criteria by the IMF. One of the foremost according to Woods (2000) is ownership and participation. The reason behind them is that these two means will increase the efficiency and effectiveness of IMF. It has also been stated that in the past any unpopular or unjust act of a country's government was blamed on IMF. Therefore, these policies also enhance the image of the government by stating that there is no imposition by the IMF upon any country to adopt its policy. Any country that does to take the advice of the IMF and follow its policies and guidelines does so of it's own accord. In the past, the IMF consisted of an enclosed group of policy makers, however, in recent years due to its good governance criteria the organization has opened-up. This induces the concept of transparency. The reason behind this is that when an organization in enclosed (in the form of financial institutions and governments only), transparency is difficult; thus, corruption prevails. In such a scenario bribery takes place and the government can easily deceive its citizens by putting the blame for economic upheaval on an institution such as the IMF. In order to prevent such dire situations from arising it is imperative that good governance policies (especially those that include transparency procedures and processes) are included. Research Methodology The research methodology will such that the background and scope of the paper will be given. The basic scope of this paper is that it will help future policy makers as well as researchers to further their studies. In the practical sense this

Media Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Media - Research Paper Example Illustrative of this changing landscape are the 2004 presidential election campaigns. The top Democratic and Republican candidates were John Kerry and George W. Bush. Some of the key issues on which the campaigns turned included: the invasion on Iraq and generally the war on terror and defense issues, gay marriages, abortion, health, environmental issues, education, budget, trade and issues of gun control. It is on these controversial issues that voters divided between both the Republican and Democratic camps. It is mainly on media, specifically ad campaigning that opponents communicate ideas to the populace and it has proved instrumental in influencing voting patterns, voter turnout and even tipping the vote in tight races the main focus being in battleground states. The race between Bush and Kerry was so close that many issues were predicted to be likely to tip on the balance. One of these was television ad campaigns. The amount of financial resources spent was staggering. In 2004, with fifty sponsors, the Republicans having nineteen and Democrats the rest, hundreds of ads were aired up to over 670, 000 times in prime markets and on cable. Over $ 550, 000 was spent by these sources. Swift boating or shadowing can also be a function of election advertising campaigns; analogous to smear campaigns, these are attacks on an opponent’s credibility and patriotism. ... The Bush-Kerry race was a competitive one and one in which commercials were a dominant and decisive feature. The unprecedented amount spent on the 2004 election ad campaigns is one of its distinctive features. The second was that it commenced earlier than had been witnessed before, on March 4th and third was the record set by outsiders, non-candidate groups for example the SBVT, a veteran group which felt itself bound to step forward to apparently correct Kerry’s ‘exaggerated’ claims about his service in Vietnam. An anonymous source is of the view that while investigations into the effects of political ad campaigns hasn’t been proven to improve voter turnout or set the pace for the discussion of issues or other agenda they are widely agreed to affect a voter’s choice, stimulate interest in the election, help change perceptions about a candidate and generally increase knowledge on issues and policy. Candidates in election ads can acclaim defend or att ack. Research according to Gallup & Newport shows that attacks on policy rather than the character or person are more effective. There are two major ads that can prove the statistics right. Kerry's "fought for his country" ad and George Bush's "100 days" ad are perfect examples of what electoral electioneering encompasses. â€Å"Fought for his country†- John Kerry The words spoken are in normal print whereas the music is italicized and the images are in prentices. The ad opens with a three way split-screen. As the announcer begins on Kerry’s history and soft music starts in the background and piano strokes continue throughout the whole commercial. Its upbeat music that progressively increases in tempo and pitch throughout the

Attitudes and Behaviors Essay Example for Free

Attitudes and Behaviors Essay So let’s start by saying that attitudes have two main components those happen to be beliefs and values. Beliefs are statements while values are judgments. When it comes to persuasion a person might have their own attitude and have it rub off so to speak onto another person or several other people. We tend to use this on a daily basis for things that we want whether that be for ourselves or from other people. When it comes to conformity many individuals will change their behaviors to fit in with other people that they involve themselves with. This could potentially mean that you could lose your own identity and become someone completely different from whom you truly are. When it comes to bias we are all wired to have judgments and prejudice many times people will use this judgment and have a set attitude on people, places and things. Only people can change their behaviors. Psychologists define attitudes as a learned tendency to view things in certain ways. This can include people. Places, issues and events that occur in a person’s life. Attitudes form from the experiences that you go through, they could direct from personal experiences or from the observation of other individuals. Attitudes can be learned in several different ways. Classical conditioning can impact your attitude to different products. Operant conditioning can also help in how attitudes are developed. When someone you like has a different attitude your attitude more than likely will change to be the same as the other individual. Researchers have come to the belief and conclusion that people behave according to their attitudes under a lot of circumstances. Cognitive dissonance is when an individual experiences, psychological stress caused by conflicts from thoughts and beliefs in a person’s everyday life whether that be from work, relationships, money problems. In order to gain back control people often change their attitudes based on actual behaviors. Attitudes can change just like people can. You can turn your thought process around just  like you can with many other things. Classical conditioning can create positive emotional reactions. Operant conditioning can be used to strengthen attitudes and behaviors that you are lacking or that are weak. People can also see how negative people act and decide that they don’t want to be that way and that can drastically change a person’s mind on how they think. Life events such as death, sickness, relationship loses and other important things can make a person realize what they have and what they need to be grateful for but also can help them understand their thought patterns were incorrect and that they need to change that in order to have a better life for not only themselves but the people that they associate themselves with. The theory of persuasion says that people can alter their personal attitudes in two ways. They can be motivated to listen and to think about what is being said to them which can make them open up to different ideas and thoughts or they could simply be influenced by good positive people that they are around on a daily basis. In order to change a individual s behavior you must change your thought process completely. http://www.examiner.com/article/bias-attitude-and-prejudice http://www.cios.org/encyclopedia/persuasion/Aintroduction_4nature.htm http://psychology.about.com/od/socialinfluence/f/conformity.htm

The King And The Clown | Analysis

The King And The Clown | Analysis The movie King and the Clown has touched a subject that is considered as a proscribed and outlawed by the Korean society and yet it has struck a chord with the Korean people.The movieKing and the Clown, has some the most marvelous and enthralling performances by the actors. The movie has a controversial theme of homosexuality which has the potential to upset the emotions and mindsets of many of the conservative Koreans, but each element of the movie is so convincing and perfectly played that the causal idea never seems to look vulgar. It has managed to keep the balance in between too shocking or being overly-exaggerated. There are a lot of mixed emotions in the movie which are tied to the characters itself. There is love, hatred, jealousy, trust, anger, surprise remorse, aggressiveness. As the movie goes on, the viewer tends to experience all these feelings, and sometimes even imagine himself in the place of the characters. The ability to connect with the audiences despite being set up on such a controversial topic is what sets the movie apart. Background The movie The King and the Clown has its background set in the Joseon Dynasty. This resembles many of the generic Korean dramas we haves seen in many movies, but the plot here is quite original and well scripted. The story of the movie takes in its center, a band of impecunious and hard-up traveling entertainers. Movies two main characters are Jang-Saeng and Gong-il. They are both lovers. Both of them being of the same sex is quite shocking to many Koreans and also is quite new to be seen in the Korean movies. But the catch here is that Gong-il whose role is being played by actor Lee Jun-ki, has very feminine feature and one could at a thought think of him as a girl; and at some moment one almost want to believe that the actor is a girl. Both of the actors have shared a very strong bond throughout the movie. Some of the scenes of the movie has clearly shown the great chemistry shared by both. It seems that they really look out for one another. In the starting, both of them decide to go to Hanyang (now Seoul), in order to expand their talents and present themselves to a lot more people and make their show bigger and better. It is there that they find many other similarly and hugely talented minstrels and then join their act. Now to do something new and to gain fame and money, ang-Seang, who is the chief of the troupe, they decide to mock the king and his favorite Nok-Su as this would attract a lot of people to their act. Now as their fame spread, one of the kings official get winds of their act and get them arrested for treason against the state. The official then puts a condition in front of them that they have to perform in front of the king and if he likes their show, their life would be spared. This was in fact a plan of the official to let the king know about the injustice and corruption spread in his territory through the mocking. The Kings court Now the role of the King is played by actor Jung Jin-Young who portrays the tyrannical king brilliantly. It is said that the kings character in the movie is based on a real-life king. The king has also got problems of his own and was psychologically disfigured because his mother was forced to commit suicide by the kings of that time and this made him repulsive towards the people and the society. As he grew up, he started showing the signs of unstable caprices of a child who was hurt, wounded and spoiled by that incident. But as the clowns performed, instead of feeling insulted and shameful, the King became very amused with the acts and decided to keep the troupe as court jesters in the kings grand palace. This is truly magnificent as it shows sides of the king which make us believe as the king was a born actor as by chance got his royal bloodline. This could also be interpreted as the kings real or hidden dream. As time passed on the King becomes more and more captivated with Gong-il s bent and sexless beauty. This on the other hand made Jang-Saeng, Nok-su and the ministers feel jealous of Gong-il. The relationship between the two clown Kam Woo-Seong has portrayed the role of the unconditional hero as the masculine clown, Jang-Saeng. Lee Jun-ki has totally and justly become a superstar due to his portrayal of Gong-il who is sensitive and loving, the feminine clown. This has really made us to think that is Lee, Jun-ki gay in real life? This is because of his marvelous performance in the movie. There is so much boldness required to play a character like the one our hero has played. The relationship between the clowns is quite extraordinary. There is a rebellious nature to this dynamics. There is an emotional conflict and a mixture of feelings between the two clowns in the movie Jang-sang and Gong-gil. But this conflict is implied rather than made explicit. This forms an intrinsic element of the movie and has a lot of emotional charge within it. The friendship of Jang-sang and Gong-gil sometimes appear to be platonic; Both of them understand and care about one other and the affinity and the connection between them defines and to an extent, affet their actions and decisions later. But that same affinity also has its down-side. There is frustration, fixation and passion; Jang-sang sulks and hates it when Gong-gil is in the Kings company and prefer it rather than his, and Gong-gil is gloomy and downhearted when Jang-sang isnt around. Their emotional connection is intensified by the script itself and also the viewers interest in their friendship with a lot of intensity attached. Directors views The director Lee Jun Ik has already said that the main point of the story was not to raise the issue of homosexuality but the focus was mainly on the life and the worlds of the travelling clowns. It wanted to show and also facts say that it was very common for the traveling clowns to engage in same-sex relationships in those days. The people were quite poor and it was impossible for them to get a wife in this financial situation. Secondly, there were only men who were traveling in groups together and it was very possible for them to make a bond that was very tight and intimate Conclusion The movie King and the Clown is likely to be said a chronological drama wherein there was lot of emotions attached to it. Also it touched on an issue that is controversial yet is seen vary widely in todays society. Also to say that it had a original plot and highly brilliant actors. The movie very gracefully and tactfully breached one of the subjects that is always been considered taboo. Also the movie has demonstrated how art imitates life. The clown sexuality is completely and willingly accepted in the movie. So one can say that this movie may prove to be a milestone for gay rights and teaches about arts association with life.

The Facts About Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Essay -- celebrity, surge

We see those girls walking, we see those celebrity that looks very perfect in every way we want them to be, we see those big breast in the bathing suit and we see those perfect shapes and appearance. Plastic and cosmetic surgery have become a â€Å"consumer good† and people are buying them mostly non-stop. The people that plan to get plastic and cosmetic surgeries are the one that should really think about it and also people that can’t even afford it. It’s because they don’t know what the outcomes are. I believe people are using plastic and cosmetic surgery for wrong reasons because people are getting it for their birthday, graduation or just as a present. It is important that the people that really needs it, can get it. If there’s no defect or disorder, it shouldn’t be needed. For example, â€Å"24 year old Amanda, an optician in suburban Michigan, is getting the gift of a tummy tuck† (Dana 13). We should care because too much money are being spend on getting the plastic and cosmetic surgery. Instead of using that money to get the surgery that aren’t really needed, they can use that to donate to kids or people that are more in needs. We should be caring because we don’t know what kind of afterward results we’ll have if we get the surgeries. We should care because people often die from one mistake of getting in plastic and cosmetic surgery. We should care because those plastic and cosmetic surgery doesn’t really last forever, the majority will last you like about maybe a decade only. Many people is being affected by getting plastic or cosmetic surgeries. One example of was a girl name Annan she didn’t have very good self-esteem â€Å"I felt like it didn’t complement my face very well† (Krishnan 1). Teens girls are always looking to be goo... ...Web. 1 Apr. 2014. . Lee, M. and Nancy Sprauge. â€Å"Cosmetic Surgery: An Overview.† Points of View: Cosmetic Surgery 2013: 1. Points of View Reference Center. Web. 7 Feb. 2014. . Margonelli, Lisa. "GAMBLING ON Beauty." Health (Time Inc. Health) 15.9 2001: 122. Health Source - Consumer Edition. Web. 10 Apr. 2014. . Morgan, Peggy. "Is A Facelift In Your Future?" Prevention 50.1 1998: 106. Health Source - Consumer Edition. Web. 24 Apr. 2014. . Nowak, Rachel. "When Looks Can Kill." New Scientist 192.2574 2006: 18. MAS Ultra – School Edition. Web. 8 Apr. 2014. . Shute, Nancy. "Makeover Nation. (Cover Story)." U.S. News & World Report 136.19 2004: 52. Middle Search Plus. Web. 3 Apr. 2014. .

A Womans Career Path Essays -- Gender Studies

The statistics prove that women are making tremendous strides in achieving careers in a variety of fields that were almost exclusively the domain of men. This much heralded progress, spurred by the feminist movement and the rejection of more traditional and oppressive gender roles, has defied thousands of years of sexual subjugation and has proven that women can succeed at any occupation just as well men. However, as married women with children have moved into the role of (in many cases dominant) wage earner, they have left behind a vacuum where the job of homemaker use to be. In American working class culture there are mounting opposition and obstacles to choosing the job of raising children and taking care of the family. This reversal of conditions, pushing women out of the role they were previously forced into, can also have ill consequences on society. The role of homemaker was naturally placed upon women early in human history, presumably due to the vulnerability of human biology. In other animals, pregnancy and child birth typically does not leave the mother in a state of compromised mobility as is the case in human pregnancy. Our primitive ancestors, sustaining themselves through hunting and gathering, would not likely have placed pregnant women in the role of as strenuous an activity as hunting. The role of rearing children and taking care of the home could then have justifiably been passed on to women. Arguably, the aggressive and dominant nature of the male gender, demonstrated even by modern apes for whom we share the closest biological link, would have been a force practiced by our ancestors to kept women in this role of subservience. In our society, where our biological makeup and physical abilities have very lit... ...age/> Gilbert, Susan. â€Å"Two Studies Link Child Care to Behavior Problems.† The New York Times Online. 16 Jul. 2003. Lu, et al. "Child day care risks of common infectious diseases revisited." Child: Care, Health & Development 30.4 (2004): 361-368. CINAHL with Full Text. EBSCO. Web. 17 Apr. 2011. Nelson, Sofia, and Lips, Hilary. â€Å"The Motherhood Penalty: ‘Sequencing Moms’ Pay a Price.† Women’s Media. 15 Dec. 2009 . Warren, Elizabeth. â€Å"Transcript. February 6, 2004.† Interview with Bill Moyers. NOW with Bill Moyers 06 Feb. 2004. Woolf, Virginia. The Death of the Moth and Other Essays â€Å"Professions for Women.† Harcourt Brace & Company, 1942 235-242

Heat and Dust Essay

The era of the Victorian women spanned 64 years and concluded several changes in attitudes. The common thinking about women in the Victorian era was that a woman? s position was limited to domestic work and the care for her children. The stereotype of the distribution of roles was women staying by the hearth with their needles whilst men wielded their swords. Women had to bear a large family and to maintain a smooth family atmosphere whereby men did not need to bother himself about domestic matters. A gentlewoman ensured that the home was a place of comfort for her husband and family from the stresses of Industrial Britain. Victorian dresses show typical excessive style elements such as V-waists, layering of trims and bell sleeves. The Victorian head of household dressed his woman to show off family wealth. Additionally, there were great differences between members of society by the end of the Queen Victoria? s reign but the most instantly apparent difference was through the garments worn. Not only the dress code symbolized the status of a Victorian woman but also the circumstances she lived in. A wealthy wife was supposed to spend her time reading, sewing, receiving guests, going visiting, letter writing, seeing to the servants and dressing for the part as her husband’s social representative. In contrast, for the very poor of Britain society it was common to wear fifth hand clothes and to eat the pickings left over in a rich household. Whether married or single all Victorian women were expected to be weak and helpless so that they looked like â€Å"fragile delicate flowers incapable of making decisions†. Besides, if a woman took a lover it was not made public because if that became the case she would be cut by society. Instead, men could amble along to one of their gentlemen? s clubs and always find a â€Å"warm welcome†. Relationships in 1887 were quite artificial. A married woman could not own property and became a chattel of the man. A divorced woman had indeed no chance of acceptance in society again. At the end of Victorian times things changed and many women adopted the tailor made garment that showed their more serious concern to be recognized as thinking beings with much to offer society beyond being a social asset for a husband. New inventions such as sewing machine or railway and the capability to use those led to new thinking and women of all classes felt the dynamic atmosphere of change as much as men. Many women joined the Fabian Society, a group of non revolutionary thinking socialists and others sought reform for more practical dress, better education, the right to take up paid work and better employment prospects.

Pocahontas Term Paper Essay

In Camilla Townsend’s book, Pocahontas and the Powhatan Dilemma, Townsend points out that there are many historical inaccuracies and myths that are associated with the story of Pocahontas. Using historical evidence to support the story of Pocahontas, Townsend attempted to create an accurate timeline bringing the past to the present. At the same time, the Disney film Pocahontas attempted to depict Algonquian culture accurately, however, according to history, much of the material presented in the film is full of misconceptions and is historically imprecise. In fact, Disney’s Pocahontas epitomizes John Smith and Pocahontas as heroes who prevented a war between the Algonquian Native American tribes and the colonists who were living in Jamestown. However, historical evidence proves that at the time John Smith came into contact with Powhatan, Pocahontas was only a young child around the age of ten and, thus had very little influence over her father. Additionally, the film dep icts John Smith as a leader who was looked up to by the other colonists, while historical records prove that he â€Å"had made many enemies by the time he had left Jamestown.†1 Disney inaccurately portrayed particular pieces of the Native American experience with the European colonists, specifically regarding Pocahontas, yet, it is important to consider the audience that this part of history was being presented to. One of the biggest historical inaccuracies presented in the Disney film Pocahontas is the love story between John Smith and Pocahontas. The film exhibited John Smith and Pocahontas as falling madly in love at first sight. This love is represented in the film through the â€Å"colors of the wind† which can often be seen circling Smith or Pocahontas. In the book, Townsend provides evidence of a relationship between the two that included only friendship, laughter, and education, but not love. A demonstration of this relationship would be when Pocahontas â€Å" participated in a class of mutual language instruction with John Smith.†2 In fact, it is from these lessons that Smith was able to write down the only full Powhatan sentences to ever be recorded. While there was no love between Smith and Pocahontas, historical evidence has shown that Smith thought about Pocahontas in sexual  ways. Actually, â€Å"council investigation openly acknowledged that he made lewd comments about her – or having even done things to her – in jokes, or in moments of sexual arousal.†3 The true love story in Pocahontas occurred between John Rolfe and Pocahontas at the Jamestown settlement a few years after Smith had made contact with the Algonquian tribe. Unfortunately, Rolfe was not even represented in the first Pocahontas film. Another historical inaccuracy that can be seen in the Disney film is the physical depiction of both John Smith and Pocahontas. The film portrays Smith as a young, tall, blonde-haired, blue-eyed colonist who is charming and interested in protecting the Native Americans after coming into contact with Pocahontas. In contrast, historical evidence mentions that he was interested in control, and his intent was to subjugate the Native Americans so that â€Å"they could be made to work for their conquerors.†4 Smith was particularly interested in power and control over the Native Americans to further the cause in the New World for the English, which â€Å"unfortunately had passed the English by for at least a century.†5 Interestingly, Smith is portrayed in the film as being a young adult, of similar age to Pocahontas; however, in reality he was a middle-aged man with a large beard, and much older than Pocahontas.6 Smith is not the only person who was represented inaccurately by Disney in the film. Pocahontas is portrayed in the film as being a tall, beautiful, young adult who is free-spirited and passionate about nature. The most serious inaccuracy regarding Pocahontas is undoubtedly the fact that she is represented as a young adult, most likely around the age of twenty. According to historical records, Pocahontas, at the time of Smith’s arrival to the New World, was only ten years old.7 Additionally, the film depicts Pocahontas as being shocked and in awe of the English, however, evidence shows that â€Å"at no point did Powhatan, Pocahontas, or any of their people look on the strangers with wide-mouthed awe or consider them gods.†8 In fact, it is because of her young age that Townsend believes that â€Å"Powhatan and his advisors were hardly under her influence† when it came to policy decisions. Thus, her representation as a young adult is historically inaccurate and was clearly put in place to support the imaginary love story betwee n her and John Smith and make this fairy tale seem more believable. In Disney’s Pocahontas, it is evident that Powhatan desires Pocahontas to marry a Native American. In fact, the film even depicts Powhatan selecting Kocoom,  one of his strongest warriors, to be Pocahontas’ future husband. However, Townsend shines light on the idea that Powhatan did not have a strong preference about who Pocahontas married because Pocahontas’ mother lacked â€Å"political significance.†9 For this reason, any male child that Pocahontas was to bear would have not been placed in a seat of power, so it was not particularly necessary that she marry at all. As a result, she was given the choice of whom she wanted to marry. Interestingly, historical records indicate that Pocahontas â€Å"married a man named Kocoom, around the age of twelve or thirteen† and that â€Å"she must have liked him very much indeed.†10 So while the Disney film inaccurately portrayed Powhatan’s interest in Pocahontas’ love life, the film was able to successfully introduce Kocoom as a great warrior who had love for Pocahontas. Unfortunately, the film also inaccurately depicted a skirmish between Smith and Kocoom, which ultimately led to Kocoom’s death after being shot in the back. One thing historians are certain about is that Kocoom was the first husband of Pocahontas, however, â€Å"within a few years Kocoom seems to have disappeared.†11 The true story behind what exactly happened to Kocoom is up for debate, although many believe that he could have been killed in war, as he was a warrior for Powhatan. Another historical inaccuracy in Pocahontas is the portrayal of Powhatan as a person who practices monogamy. In fact, there are slight references in the film that Pocahontas’ mother had died, thus, making Powhatan a widow. While it is possible that Pocahontas’ mother died, historians know that Powhatan practiced polygamy regardless, due to the numerous amount of children he had. Through this sy stem, â€Å"whole clans of brothers and sisters had an obvious shared interest in remaining united and maintaining their family’s power.†12 In Townsend’s book, it is stated that in order to maintain rule over the tribes he conquered, Powhatan would â€Å"simply marry a woman of their royal family† because â€Å"a son conceived by her would grow up with loyalty to both his father and to his mother’s people.†13 To be ensured of this loyalty, the children were to be raised by Powhatan himself. The film also portrayed the inaccurate idea that Powhatan was interested in killing all of the colonists. In fact, what Powhatan really wanted was to gain metal tools as well as technology in the form of guns, knives, hatchets and pans; this is the reason why he made a deal John Smith.14 Townsend even included the fact that Powhatan was interested in  Ã¢â‚¬Å"establishing kinship ties as a means of ensuring his expanding control.†15 While Disney portrayed the story of Pocahontas inaccurately in many ways, some of the historical information was displayed in a correct manner. At the beginning of the film, the women of the tribe can be seen working in the fields. This, from the study of history, is accurate because we know that every member of the tribe worked in the village, even the royal family.16 Women could be seen dividing into groups in the morning; some would work the field, some would pick up firewood, and others would gather Tuckahoe to make flour.17 The film also depic ted the Native Americans’ telling of great stories that included the European conquests of parts of the New World. Being that Native American culture is passed down orally, historians can easily accept this idea that historical tales were told around campfires. Townsend explains that on an â€Å"ordinary evening, Pocahontas might have sat in the flickering light of torches and the central fire†¦listening to the older people tell stories.†18 While historians will never know exactly what Pocahontas was taught about her ancestry, it is safe to assume that there were many stories about the prior attempts of colonization that the â€Å"coat-wearers† had on their land. When analyzing the historical inaccuracies of the Disney film Pocahontas, it is important to keep in mind the audience that the film was created for. Disney undoubtedly created the film as a way to introduce the concept of Native Americans to children. In fact, one could argue that the primary audi ence that this film was intended for is between the ages of six and nine. As a result, Disney would not want to create a film that portrays all Europeans as power-hungry and eager to conquer the world in violent ways. After all, American children are more than likely living on land that belonged to the Native Americans at one time. It would not be favorable for Disney to illustrate the people around these children as a group who is interested in stealing from others. Disney hopes to teach kids about the importance of giving to others and keeping those you love close. Thus, this is why we see John Smith and Pocahontas as attractive role models who fall madly in love. Pocahontas was created to be a fairytale that portrayed the idea of ultimate love and happiness, not to show the utter destruction that the Native Americans and their land suffered from after contact with the Europeans. One could argue that Pocahontas was created to depict a peaceful transfer of lands from the Native Americans to  the European colonists through mutual agreement, an example of how inaccuracies about the true occurrence still persist today. Disney attempted to develop a film that introduced the history of Native Americans and the New World to young children through a simplistic story with a happy ending. However, this could become dangerous if the children who view the film do not receive proper education about the subject and continuously base facts off the film. In general, making a fictitious representation of true events could pass as unobjectionable in order to make a story more interesting for film. In the case of Pocahontas, when a story works to make the group that was truly at fault look innocent, issues arise in terms of proper education and the reinforcement of unjust myths. The film, Pocahontas, was undoubtedly filled with many historical inaccuracies, which have caused confusion about the realistic story of Pocahontas, but it did provide truthful, basic background information about Native American lifestyle at the time of the European conquest. I agree with Townsend that Pocahontas deserves for her true story to be known. However, I believe that creating a Disney film was not the best way to accomplish this, nor was it the goal of the company. Introducing the true interactions and agreements made between the Algonquian Native Americans and the European conquerors was not possible to do through an animated Disney film due to the typical audience of the film and the simplistic, family-oriented themes that Disney incorporates. American History classes provided in American schools, particularly in areas that have a strong historical Native American presence, are doing a better job of teaching students about the truthful atrocities that the European settlers created for the Native Americans. It is clear, however, that pop-culture may not be at the same level of educating society. Works Cited Townsend, Camilla. Pocahontas and the Powhatan Dilemma. New York: Hill and Wang, 2004. Pocahontas. Dir. Mike Gabriel. 1995. DVD.

Espionage Act 1917

Many historians, politicians, experts, believe that the Espionage Act of 1917 was one of the must controversial laws passed. This law was passed on June 15, 1917 shortly after the United States entered world war I. The reason why many people believe this law was so controversial, is that many argue that it directly affected the constitutional right of freedom of speech. The reason is because this act originally prohibited any attempt to interfere with military operations, to support United States enemies during wartime, it also prohibited promoting insubordination, disloyalty, mutiny, refusal in the military, and or to interfere with military recruitment. The punishment for braking this law could be punishable by death or by imprisonment for not more that 30 years or both and fines up too $10,000. Moreover, many believed that this restrictions were unconstitutional, but later on in 1919 the U. S Supreme Court unanimously ruled in court case Schenck v. United States that the act dud not violate the freedom of speech of those convicted under its provisions. President Woodrow Wilson Attorney General Thomas Watt Gregory and Jon Crawford supported the pass of the act, however the viewed it as a compromise. This document it quite important to historians that would like to study laws related to people leaving in the United States during this era. This article helps historians understand the importance of the U. S trying to keep a sense of control on their own grounds. By the government implanting this law they can feel a little safer of retaliation. Regardless, people still protested and did things that opposed the law. However, by having the law it helps to keep that control. This shows historians that besides all the problems going on overseas, the president it still had and â€Å"urgency† of having some type of law protecting the U. S form any type of anarchy, or interference with the military. Moreover, this document can give a lot of insight to historians that study human group movements or the arrest of political figures. For example, anti-war groups like Frayhayt or â€Å"left-wing† politicians like Bill Haywood, Philip Randolph, John Reed. This document could be used for historians with a specialty in law, or historians that study political people and group organizations during this time

Media on Children

At an early age books, movies, television, and the Internet influence how our children think and act in a variety of ways. As children grow these media influences become even more powerful. The media influences on children is not always a good influence and parents need to counteract this influence by discussing and monitoring what their children are exposed to. The media often stereotypes people and races. Most children's programming deals in absolutes reinforcing the idea that people are good or bad, stupid or smart and because of their inexperience children will latch onto stereotypes that they see. Parents can counteract this stereotyping by commenting when a group is portrayed inaccurately. Let your children know for example that every blond isn't stupid, and wearing black doesn't make you a bad guy. Point out that everyone has good and bad traits. So, often in the media a character is either good or bad, but in real life this is not the case. The media uses its influence on children to market items and influence your child's desires making them think that they need certain items to be popular or cool. My children often comment on things that they saw in commercials. The other day my son told me that I should get a kitchen chopper, because it can cut things up so much faster than I can using a knife. I replied that I don't need a kitchen chopper because a knife works just fine. Every year children influence their parents spending by convincing them to buy things that the media has portrayed as â€Å"cool†. Children recognize name-brand products at an early age because they see them in the media. My children recognized the McDonalds sign by age three even though we never eat there, because they saw commercials on television. Counteract the marketing by pointing out the faulty logic in commercials. Ask your child if they really think having the latest toy will make them more popular or happy. Children often don't realize that a Barbie won't move around like it does on the commercials or that the elaborate set doesn't come with the toy. Parents can teach their children that things do not equal happiness. Try rewarding with praise and time instead of objects. My children know that they don't get what they see on television and they rarely ask. Life on many television shows and movies is far from normal. They often glamorize potentially destructive behaviors like drinking, drugs, affairs, and intimate teen relationships. As a parent you can counteract the media's influence by pointing out how the actions of the people on screen are potentially dangerous. Alcohol commercials never show the hangovers the next day. Rarely does a teenage girl get pregnant or someone contract a sexually transmitted disease in the media. Research done by both RAND and the University of North Carolina also shows that teenagers who are exposed to more sex talk and acts in the media are more likely to engage in those same behaviors themselves. Dr. Brown, one of the researchers says, â€Å"Teens are defaulting to entertainment media for sexual information because they aren't getting this information in other places. Unfortunately, the media aren't the best sex educators. The media tend to leave out the crucial three C's: commitment, contraception and consequences. † The study on media influence on children also pointed out that parents could have a greater impact on their teen's sexual behavior than the media when they talk about it. Taking the time to discuss the things that our children view in the media will ensure that they are learning the things that we want them to and not the lessons that the media might be teaching thus avoiding negative influence of media.

Psychological and Ethical Egoism Essay

Egoism is a general term for the acknowledgement of human self-interest as a basis of action. There are several proponents of this theory. Basically it is a philosophical notion that was popularized by Hobbes. Whatever action that an individual would take is pursuant of his/her own self. This theory has famously been separated into two types. The first one is ethical egoism and the second is called psychological egoism. Ethical egoism talks about morality as the basis of action in order to uplift the person himself, while psychological egoism states that all of our actions are basically rooted on self-interest. Accordingly, psychological egoism is devised out of observation of common human behavior. A clear demarcation between the two lies on its structure, Ethical egoism is more prescriptive. On the other hand, Psychological egoism is descriptive or observational (Rachels, 2003). The Fallacy in Psychological Egoism Although Psychological egoism seems to be perfectly valid, it was widely refuted with respect to the fallacies that it had committed. One of the fallacies that can be found in the principles of psychological egoism, upon critical examination, would be the fallacy of â€Å"hasty generalization or converse accident†. According to some critics, the fallacy was rooted on confirming that indeed all human acts are self-interested due to the different instances that prove otherwise. This includes the fact that most people do actions that would damage or harm themselves such as smoking, self-mutilation and sometimes suicide. Also there are several altruistic behaviors that do not really come from self-interest. There are other things or notions such as conscience which also have an effect on one’s action. If those who supports psychological egoism would argue that all actions whether it be an act of conscience or an act that hurts oneself is also form of psychological egoism in itself, then there are no actions whatsoever that is not a form of psychological egoism (Rachels, 2003). Thus, it will result to a fallacy of tautology. It cannot be verified or established if an action is indeed a form of psychological egoism because there are no other actions aside from a psychologically egoistic act. Two Sides of Ethical Egoism The weak version of ethical egoism takes on the side of the probability of â€Å"altruistic behavior†. However, they have specified that although they acknowledge that the person does benevolent actions, nevertheless, they maintain that the action is still in accordance to or made with respect to the individuals’ own interest. One would like to do good because doing good makes him/her feels good. The strong version denies the presence of altruistic behavior. It asserts that in any circumstances, the individual would act in accordance to his/her self-interest despite the fact that it is in the form of benevolence. (Lander University, 2006) Major Similarities and Their Differnces Thus, as presented above, ethical egoism differs from psychological egoism in the sense that ethical egoist incorporates morality as a basis for human actions. It expresses the human self-interest in the sense of the goodness or the rightness of the act. Psychological egoism, do not try to tell us what we should do, but instead states that whatever actions that we have is basically an expression of our self-interest, the individual does not need to be moral or does not have to subscribe to morality (Rachels, 2003). Motivations In ethical egoism, the motivation lies on the person’s desires to do or aspire for something good or right. This is applicable when one is acting in able to help other people because it is in his nature to do so, as explained by David Hume. On the other hand, in psychological egoism, the motivation rest on the person’s or individual’s preference for self-interest. Psychologically egoistic behavior can best be interpreted when the individual is doing something in exchange of something that would benefit or would be in reference to his/her personal interest. Largely, those actions that are psychologically egoistic are selfish acts while those that fall under the ethical egoist are actions from self-interest. (Mosley, 2006) Selfishness versus Self-interest Selfishness is manifested through personal advantages, mostly sacrificing others in favor of one’s own self. Self-interest is promoting one’s interest either for the benefit of himself or of other people as well. Self-interest differs from selfishness in the sense that self-interest does not necessarily points toward selfishness because certain actions that would benefit one or would comprise self-interest may actually be altruistic actions. There are instances wherein you have to be helpful to other people in order for you to proceed towards your egoistic goals. Also there are some actions whether it is for oneself or for the sake of others that are not relevant basis in suggesting that it is selfish act or a self-interested act. For instance there were actions such as eating or drinking that can be classified as either a form of selfishness or a form of self-interest. As presented, the major key in understanding the points and relevance of each position lies on the individuals understanding of the term selfishness and acting for or out of self-interest. (Mosley, 2003) Reference http://philosophy.lander.edu/ethics/egoism.html

The Triplet Genetic Code Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Triplet Genetic Code - Assignment Example The commonly used theory is the Stereochemical Theory that states that codon tasks are influenced by the physiochemical similarities amongst anticodons (cognate codons) and amino acids. The second theory is the Coevolution Theory that asserts that amino acids biosynthesis conduits and the code structure coevolved. The third is the "error minimization theory" that posits that the selectiveness to reduce the negative effects of point mutations and errors of translation comprised a big part of the evolution of the code. The similarities between amino acids and cognate triplets seen in "Aptamer Selection Experiments" seem exclusive in relation to enhanced tasks of the involved amino acid in the standardized code table (Caporaso, Yarus & Knight, 2005). Therefore, regardless of whether these affinities are related to the code's origin, the properties in relation to "error minimization" with regard to the standardized code continue to prompt added elucidations. Stereochemical Theory supporters contend that some assignments of the amino acids have stereochemical qualities, while others have transformed into discriminatory compulsion for error minimization, leading to the seen sturdiness of the standardized code. Biological experiments have indicated that even when about 8-12 amino acids tasks are fixed within the standardized table, there remain many spaces to generate highly optimized genetic codes (Pain, 2010). The explanation aforementioned, however, is seen to contradict with a number of biological proof.

Bottled water market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Bottled water market - Essay Example The second part will contrast the bottled water market in two specific countries. The countries chosen for this purpose are Scotland and Saudi Arabia, whereas the major bottlers in these countries selected are Strathmore and Masafi mineral water respectively. There appear to be several reasons inducing people to purchase bottled water in any part of the world. Of course, bottled water is far costlier than the tap water for the people in the developing countries as compared to the under-developed countries. However, the demand for bottled water in all its forms has been on a substantial rise in both the sections of the world. People in the poor as well as rich countries are willing to pay a high price for bottled water while avoiding having tap water that is available to them cheaply. The motives driving the people to purchase bottled water are discussed below in the context of developed and developing countries of the world. The bottled water market is booming in all parts of the world with an annual volume of about 89 billion litres, which shows that an average person drinks 15 litres of bottled water every year (Danone, 2000). The western consumers comprise the major market for the bottled water companies especially from the European countries. Apparently, these are the developed countries of the world with high per capita income and enhanced awareness of health and purity matters. Scotland is also one of the developed nations of world with a booming bottled water market. It is interesting to note that in developed nations of the world, the tap water available to people is much safer to drink, albeit the people are inclined to purchase bottled water more than those in developing countries. The main reasons inducing people to purchase bottled water in a developed European country like Scotland are as follows: People buy bottled water in the country because they are concerned profoundly with health matters and thus inclined to regard bottled water as a source of good health. People also refrain from using tap water and opt for bottled water because of the contamination of tap water and disease threats associated with impure water. People also make their bottled water purchases under the influence of social practices and fashion symbols In Scotland, people have relatively higher level of income and good standard of living, therefore they tend to spend more on bottled water such as carbonated drinks etc for fun and pleasure Due to increase in the number of cars owned by individuals every year. Bottled water are easy to carry and dispose off due to their convenient package, therefore people prefer to buy bottled water while travelling. Developing Countries As evident from the above discussion, much of the reasons motivating people to purchase bottled water come from their life styles, fitness concerns, marketing influence, pleasure, income patterns and social status etc. These factors are rarely visible in most of the developing countries in the world. The two most important factors motivating the people to purchase expensive bottled water in developing world, especially in a country like Saudi Arabia are discussed below: Scarcity of water is one of the acute problems faced by

Course Evaluation Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Course Evaluation - Term Paper Example Another advantage of this type of report is it allows a broad interpretation of each question. Key adjectives such as â€Å"distanced†, â€Å"engaged†, â€Å"affirming† and â€Å"puzzling† allow the seminar participant to provide more information that simply ranking a number of categories one through five. The report, as structured, invites in depth contemplation about the seminar experience as a whole. It allows the individual that thought the seminar was fabulous to expound on their experience and also gives opportunity for the participant that was highly disappointed to give frank, honest feedback. The questions do not attempt to lead the individual in any predetermined direction or pigeonhole their answers. Finally, the strength in the report from the perspective of the seminar leader or sponsor centers on concise nature of the report. A wide range of responses is available in this open-ended format. This allows those evaluating the responses to receiv e a wide variety of information from just a few answers. Exercise #2 Course Evaluation This evaluation is for the ______________________ course. My major is ___________________. The purpose of this course evaluation is to obtain feedback about the instructional methods used during instruction. Other information will help your instructor make decisions relative to establishing the proper educational atmosphere in the classroom and choosing instructional materials. Please answer honestly and understand that your input is valued and anonymous. Answers are ranked from 1-5. 1 represents strong disagreement with the statement while 5 represents strong agreement. Circle the number that best expresses your feelings about the course. The instructor’s grading guidelines were clear. 1 2 3 4 5 The instructor encouraged and valued student comments and participation. 1 2 3 4 5 The course workload was fair and manageable. 1 2 3 4 5 Stated course goals matched evaluation. 1 2 3 4 5 The cours e encouraged practical application of theory. 1 2 3 4 5 All you have to do to pass this course is read the textbook. 1 2 3 4 5 The instructor was thorough in offering feedback on student assignments 1 2 3 4 5 The instructor was available for help after regular class hours. 1 2 3 4 5 I believe that this course will be valuable to me in my future career. 1 2 3 4 5 I found this course interesting but will not use it in my future career. 1 2 3 4 5 Exercise #3 Peer evaluation is an assessment method that is often employed by instructors when group assignments are given. Group assignments that require students to meet outside of class are valuable learning exercises. They teach skills such as cooperation and compromise that are valuable life skills. Peer evaluations are feedback that members of the group give to the instructor about the other group members. This evaluation is factored into the final grade that is presented to the student. Typically, a portion of the grade results from the efforts of the group. This is then modified for each individual based on how the person’s peers evaluated her. Peer evaluations have some real advantages. When it comes to assessing group work, the instructor is not able to witness the efforts of individual students. Studies have shown that students tend to be very honest in self and peer evaluation reports. The student that slacked is almost always willing to admit this. Peer evaluations tend to give a very realistic view of individual effort within

Aunt Jullia and the scriptwriter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Aunt Jullia and the scriptwriter - Essay Example Though age has no barrier where love is concerned, yet how the couple goes about fulfilling their dreams with each other is what is going to be discussed in this essay. This comedic novel is neither an autobiography nor history but an endearing portrait painted by the artist himself that sheds light on his journey of becoming a novelist. This novel is the story of a young writer whose aspirations and dreams are put at risk due to his love for his aunt-in-law Julia. It is a story where a young boy falls in love with his own aunt, a thirty two year old divorcee. The writer’s romantic association with Julia complicates his life and puts his career as a writer at risk. His writing suffers as he is busy living life to its fullest. His laborious writing laden with symbolism is doomed from inception. Aunt Julia enters his life at a time when he is trying to establish himself as a writer and find an individual identity without the help of his family. Julia and Mario are quite in love with each other, but when the relatives come to know of the news they disapprove totally and the couple flees to a town they don’t know anything about with the intention of getting married and leading a happy and peaceful life. In the melee, Mario chances upon Pedro Camacho, a Bolivian serial author, who is a soap opera radio writer  and he befriends him. ... be fired from his job due to his inconsistency in keeping control over his characters, who seemed to die in one of the episodes and again reappear in the next, getting his audience totally confused over the happenings. Mario does not want to keep the secret of his love for Julia any longer and so confronts his family stating that he would provide Julia with a good life. Julia encourages Mario and supports him in every way possible and encourages him to pursue his dream of going to Paris and becoming a writer. It was during this time that Pedro Camacho loses his mind totally and is rushed off to the mental hospital. Becoming a man of letters was the primary aim of Mario who keeps writing a lot. However, his writing is not much appreciated by his friends who feel that he still has to gain a lot of experience in the arena of writing. Mario admires Pedro’s talent and skill for writing and tries to emulate his love for hard work. Mario meets Pedro when he gets hired by his employer s to the same radio station where Mario works to write scripts for the radio serials. The radio stations gains a lot of popularity when the serials become quite famous in the capital. Pedro comes up with shockingly different characters that keep the audience spell bound. Though he gains the height of popularity, yet as time passes he makes a hash of his work by mixing up the different characters and changing their names. He gets totally confused with his own work and also confuses the audience to a great extent. He finds it impossible to go on and tells Mario of his problems. Pedro finally loses his reality and is hospitalized. Irony plays a major role in Mario’s ‘Aunt Julia and the Scriptwriter’ but at a much deeper level, it speaks of artistic failure. On one hand, we have Mario desiring

Occupational Health and Safety Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Occupational Health and Safety - Essay Example A careful study of the legislation of New Zealand has been conducted to analyze the rules regarding the participation of the workers in the overall decision making of the safety issues. The study involves a wide range of literature on the topic of occupational health and safety and the participation from the workers. Occupational Health and Safety Introduction In this paper we describe the various problems relating to the Occupational health and safety of the people working in various organizations. The problem of the safety of the workers is a serious matter of issues and the paper highlights each of the segments critically. Occupational safety and health aims at maintaining the safety and the overall health of the employees for maintaining the welfare of the people in the organization (Ashford, 1976, p.45). In the context of the Occupational safety and health the participation from the employees is a crucial factor. The employees are the victims of the disaster occurring in the org anization and their views are of utmost importance in providing a better solution in implementing a safe environment for the workers. The workers have a fair idea about the problems and they can also recommend solutions for attaining better results. Other than providing necessary solutions, the employees can also contribute by exhibiting their commitment and the morale. The program undertaken by the management in providing with safe work environment also needs to be evaluated by the employees. The paper takes a critical view of the participations of the workers in the program of the occupational health and finds out the implication which the management of the organization has based on such issues. The workers participation has also received substantial barriers in the recent past in matters of occupational health and safety. Methodology: The methodology conducted in the research is based on the secondary sources. A considerable number of peer reviewed literature has been studied to understand the concept of workers participation in the Occupational health and safety. Books have also been used to analyze the various models of occupational health and safety of the workers. Various legislations of New Zealand, on the topic under consideration have been consulted to analyze the legal framework of OH&S in New Zealand. However in order to maintain the credibility of the research, only trusted sources have been included in the research (Malhotra, 106-107). The secondary method helped to explore a variety of information regarding the occupational health and service. The research method incorporated in the process is qualitative in nature as the overall study is based on the facts (Thomas, 1-2). The paper takes a study of the various theories relating to the Occupational health and safety of the workers before concentrating on the issue of the workers participation and the OH&S. Findings: Occupational Health and Safety: Occupational health and safety deals with the eli mination of the injuries and accidents which may occur in the work-place and which has been a rising problem faced by the employers in various parts of the worlds. Work related injury is defined as any damage caused to the employees

Introduction to counselling- module 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Introduction to counselling- module 3 - Essay Example Needs which could be found at the higher levels of the hierarchy are not strongly geared towards physical survival, instead their focus are more on the psychological well-being and growth. These needs have lesser power in motivating individuals and they are more influenced by the individual’s life experiences and even formal education. The ensuing hierarchy of needs is frequently portrayed as a pyramid, with physical survival needs situated at the bottom of at the foundation of the pyramid whereas the needs for self-actualization are situated at the top. During the time the hierarchy of needs was developed, psychology in the early 1960s was dominated by two views of human behavior. These views are the behaviorist as well as the psychoanalytic. The psychoanalytic view places its emphasis on the unconscious conflicts and makes, drawing a lot of of its conceptions from case studies of neurotic people. On the other hand, the behaviorist view places more attention on the function of learning and generated a lot of its principles from observations of animal behavior. Maslow put forward the observation that the psychoanalysts fell short to take into account the behavior of healthy human beings, at the same time as the behaviorists were very mechanistic and basically took notice of the subjective experience. Maslow possessed the conception that that no theory of human personality would be absolute without a systematic investigation of healthy functioning, in this case he ventured out to inspect the conscious motivations as well as experiences of individuals who are healthy. One essential result was that psychologically healthy people have more tendencies to put into account what Maslow referred to as "peak experiences." Maslow described a peak experience as one in which the individual loses a sense of place and time and goes through a fleeting feeling of harmony

Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson - Essay Example der with a discussion of primary sources and the means by which these primary sources represented the principles and actions of each of these former presidents. Firstly, with respect to an analysis of the primary documentation concerning Theodore Roosevelt, it is clear and apparent that even though this president believed in the American ideals of individual labor and capitalism, he was fundamentally opposed to the power that the â€Å"trusts† had created throughout the economy of America. Ultimately, Roosevelt and his fellow Progressives understood these trusts to be responsible for a reduction in the freedom and personal consumer choice that individual citizens were able to effect within the economy (The New Nationalism 1910). As such, Roosevelt came to be known as the â€Å"trust buster†; a term lovingly bestowed upon him by a press and a citizenry that was all to happy to see the power of these mega corporations shattered as they were split into smaller parts and/or forced to abide by new governmental standards of production/quality in the products they produced. The monopolizing power of these â€Å"trusts† was som ething the Bull Moose party was fundamentally opposed to and something that Theodore Roosevelt sought to reduce during the tenure of both of his terms as president. In terms of foreign policy, it was clear from an analysis of the primary documentation that Roosevelt was an internationalist; insomuch as he viewed the role of the United States as that of a world power that had a direct culpability to mediate foreign disturbances/disputes. As former Secretary of the Navy, this placed Theodore Roosevelt in a firm position to understand the dynamics and importance of a global sea power and the means by which the United States could continue to exhibit future strength by engaging with this determinant (The New Nationalism 1910). By means of contrast and comparison, Wilson was more eloquent, polished, and came across as more educated. Further, Wilson

Elaine Cumming and Warren Earl Henrys Disengagement Theory Essay Example for Free

Elaine Cumming and Warren Earl Henrys Disengagement Theory Essay Disengage because of reduced physical health and loss of social activities * Cummings (1975) argued that older people would experience a reduction in social contact as they grow older and becoming increasingly ‘individual’ * ‘disengaging is a natural part of aging’ *   Everyone expects death, and ones abilities will likely deteriorate over time. As a result, every person will lose ties to others in his or her society. aging  is an inevitable, mutual withdrawal or disengagement, resulting in decreased interaction between theaging  person and others in the social system he belongs to. Embardos disagreement.. * Said theory was discredited for many reasons * Argues that majority of older people remain socially involved with family and friends . Maybe choose to spend more time with people they are close to rather than seeking new friends * Current data from the office for national statistics supports the view that a majority of older people enjoy social networks * if people only interact with close friends does this mean they are disengaged? * Argued that older people need to disengage but * They need to remain ‘active’ in order to stop disengagement going too far * Argues that society should provide older people with activities * Society should provide them with education of how to make use of the activities * It is very important for older adults to remain mentally active and maintain an interest in life and enjoy the company of others * The theory assumes that a positive relationship between activity and  life satisfaction| M2 – case study 1 Alan is a 76 year old man who has recently lost his wife. He is completely disengaged. He does not try to socialise as he is still grieving from the loss of his wife and can’t seem to pull himself around. Firstly the social disengagement theory will affect Alan’s social development; he is disengaging himself from any social activities or communications as he is grieving. This will have a negative effect on his social and emotional development as he is not talking to people to help him feel better or to get things ‘off his chest’, keeping it all locked away. This will have a negative effect and will make him a lot worse. It may also have a negative effect on his physical or physiological development as he may be susceptible to depression. This may lead to physical harm. The argument against this theory will however have a positive effect on Alan as he will be socialising with other people, helping tae his mind off the loss of his wife. He will also be engaging in social activities keeping his mind active positively effecting his intellectual development, and again taking his mind off his loss. The argument to this theory would also have a positive effect on his physical development as he will be getting around more when joining in activities. Lastly joining these activities will reflect on Alan’s emotional development and maybe help him to cope with his loss more as he is not constantly grieving over it. Bromleys activity theory would have a positive effect on Alan’s, physical, intellectual, social and emotional development. As the theory states, older people should be provided with activities and educated on these topics, this will help Alan’s intellectual development as his mind is still active, as he is gaining knowledge about the activities given and his brain will be engaging in the activities keeping it active also. This will also have a positive effect on Alan’s physical development as he will be taking part in the activities, enabling him to get around and be more fit and active. His social development will be effected greatly also as he will be constantly communicating with a lot of different people. Lastly his emotional development will be effected as he may cope with his loss a bit more successfully, and he may also discover a hobby he has taken a liking to. Case study 2 Geena is 86 years old and struggles to move around a lot. She is very upset that her mobility isn’t as strong as it used to be, and gets emotional at times when she tries to do something independently and cannot. Although she is independent she does not like being alone. As Geena is a very independent woman, the social disengagement theory has a negative effect on her physical development as it states, she is disengaged because her restricted mobility to get around. Not only does this affect her social development, but her physical too as she is straining herself to complete tasks that are difficult for her. This also has a negative effect on her emotional development as it upsets her that she cannot complete daily things she feels she needs to do. This does not affect her intellectual development. The disagreement to this theory would not affect Geena a lot as she is not disengaged. However it would affect her intellectual development positively if she joined a social networking site, as this would build up her knowledge of technology, effecting her social life also as she may get in touch with some old friends. This will not affect her emotional or physical development. Bromleys activity theory may affect Geena’s emotional development negatively as she has restricted mobility and would not be able to join any physical activities without becoming distressed and upset. However, if she joined activities such as bingo this would positively affect her social development as she would get out more an interact with a variety of different people, it would positively affect her emotionally as she will be able to complete activities without having to move or becoming distressed and upset about it. Lastly it will positively affect her intellectually as it will be keeping her mind active while she is concentrating on her activities.

The Strategic Planning For Jet Airways

The Strategic Planning For Jet Airways The purpose of this paper is to evaluate a successful and well-organized strategic planning for airline industry providing Jet Airways strategic plan. Jet Airways is the Indias market leader in airline industries, however has faced increasing competition over the last decade resulting attrition in their market share. The report begins by analysing the current internal and external environment of Jet Airways. Through strategic evaluation its recommended that Jet airways focus on their fundamental service delivery to restore their competitive advantage within the industry. This will require putting into practice a combination of two strategies; a people processes strategy and a strategy focused on technological advancement. The people processes strategy was derived from a number of industry sources outlining Jet Airways decline in customer satisfaction. The technological advancement strategy coincides with the renewal of Jet Airways aircraft fleet and will further improve the overall customer experience. INDEX Objectives: The main objective of this paper is to develop the internal and external environmental analysis and strategic planning with risk management and business ethics. Specific objectives are following, Evaluate the current strategic position of Jet Airways. Examine the strategic Planning Models for Jet Airways. Examine Jet Airways internal and external environment. (1.0) Overview of Jet Airways: Jet Airways is an airline based in Mumbai, India. It is Indias third largest airline after Air India and Kingfisher Airlines. It operates over 400 daily flights to 64 destinations worldwide. Its primary base is Mumbais Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport with secondary hubs at Bangalore, Brussels, Chennai, Delhi, Hyderabad, Kolkata and Pune as focus cities. In July 2008, Which? magazine ranked Jet Airways as the worlds best long- haul airline after Singapore Airlines. In a poll conducted by SmartTravelAsia.com in September 2008, it was voted as the worlds seventh best airline overall. It has also won an award for the quality of its catering. In February 2009, Jet Airways had 846,000 passengers, making it the second largest airline in India behind Kingfisher Airlines. Jet Airways also operates two low-cost airlines, namely Jet Lite (formerly Air Sahara) and Jet Airways Connect. (1.1.1) Corporate Structure: Mr. Naresh Goyal Chairman Mr. Ali Ghandour Director Mr. Nikos Kardassis Chief Executive Officer Mr. Saroj K. Datta Executive Director Mr. Abdulrahman Albusaidy Group Executive Officer Mr. Sudheer Raghavan Chief Commercial Officer Capt. Hameed Ali Chief Operating Officer Mrs. Anita Goyal | Executive Vice President Network Planning Revenue Management Mr. Raja Segran | Sr. Vice President Mr. P. K. Sinha | Regional Vice President Mr. Gaurang Shetty | Sr. Vice President Customer Services Alliances Capt. Hassan Al-Mousawi | Sr. Vice President-Operations On Time Performance Mr. Abdulkhaliq Saeed | Sr. Vice President Engineering Maintenance Mr. Mahalingam Shivkumar | Sr. Vice President, Finance Mr. Rajesh Sharma | Vice President Internal Audit Mr. K. G. Vishwanath | Vice President Commercial Strategy and Investor Relations Dato K. Jeyakanthan | Sr. Vice President Engineering Services Mr. Jay Shelat | Vice President Cargo Mr. Raj Sivakumar | Vice President Network Planning, Revenue Management Distribution Dr. Samar B. Srivastava | Vice President Human Resources Mr. Ashok Barimar | General Counsel Vice President Legal Ms. Ragini Chopra | Vice President Corporate Communication and Public Relations Ms. Monica Chopra | Company Secretary Sr. General Manager Legal (2.0) Environmental Analysis: For success within the airline industry, an awareness of the external environment is essential. This section aims to highlight the position of the industry, in particular looking at competitors and assessing Jet airways capability to meet current and future challenges. (2.1) PESTEL Analysis Of Jet Airways: Political Issue License issue for international operation. Infrastructural constraint. ATF price policy. Open sky policy. FDI Limits: 100% Greenfield airport 74% existing airports. 100% through special permission. 49% for airlines. Economic Effects The income level is rising. Contribution to the Indian economy. There is a rise in the cost of fuel. Investment in the sector of aviation. The growth of the middle income group family affects the aviation sector. Reduced fare but yet not enough. Social Effects Developing of the cities to better services and airports. Employment opportunities. Safety regulations. The status symbol attached to a plane travel. Technological Effects Modernization of aircrafts. The growth of e-commerce and e-ticketing. Satellite based navigation system. Modernisation and privatisation of the airports. Modern technology like CAT3 and ILS. Environmental Sector There is an increase in the global warming. The sudden change and the unexpected behaviour of the climate and to depend on the atmosphere. Shortage of the infrastructural capacity. There is a tourism saturation. Legal Factors. FDI limits. Bilateral treaties. Airlines acquisitions and the leasing cost. (2.2) SWOT Analysis Of Jet Airways: Figure 2.2 shows SWOT Analysis: S Market driver. Experience exceeding 14 year. Only private airline with international operation . They have a strong brand value and their reputation is very high in the mind of the customers. The service quality is good. Largest fleet size. There is a continuous innovation in their business. W Loosing domestic market share . Old fleet with average age around 4.79 years. Scope for improvement in in-flight service. High ticket pricing. Facing a tough competition from the competitors. O Untapped air cargo market . Scope in international service and tourism. The non penetrated domestic market. T Strong competitors. Fuel price hike. Overseas market competition. Infrastructure issues. Tourism saturation. Economic slowdown. Promotion and sponsorship declining. (3.0) Strategic Planning Model: (3.1) Porters Five Forces Model Of Jet Airways: (1) The threat of the entry of new competitors: The threat of the new entrants is very high for Jet Airways, because right now there are so many new airline company that has come with new strategies and services. The more profitable the industry is the more attractive it will be to new competitors. And as we know that Jet Airways is a very well known airline company of India since many years and it has a brand image and has a good reputation on the customers mind but then also Jet Airways has to give the best service quality to the customers to remain the market leader in the business. (2) The intensity of the competitive rivalry: The intensity of the competitive rivalry is high for Jet Airways. Jet Airways has many competitive rivals like Kingfisher Airlines, British Airways, Air India, Virgin Atlantic, etc. Jet Airways has both long haul flights and short haul flights. They are losing the domestic share market so in this competitive industry they have to bring some innovation in their business. Their strategy is very powerful because they are concentrating more in the service quality. Their aircrafts are modernised and they have the modernised technology like CAT3 and ILS. (3) The threat of substitute products or services: The threat of substitute for Jet Airways is low. There are few substitutes for Jet Airways: For short haul flights they have: Jet Connect and Jet Lite. For long haul flights they have: No notable substitute. (4) The bargaining power of customers (buyers): The bargaining power of buyer is medium. Jet Airways has the option to switch the suppliers and according to that the customers of Jet Airways also has the option to switch. (5) The bargaining power of suppliers: The bargaining power of supplier is high. The supplier can switch to any other option at any time. (4.0) Managing Risk: Every business faces risks that could present threats to its success. Risk is defined as the probability of an event and its consequences. Risk management is the practice of using processes, methods and tools for managing these risks. Risk management focuses on identifying what could go wrong, evaluating which risks should be dealt with and implementing strategies to deal with those risks. Businesses that have identified the risks will be better prepared and have a more cost-effective way of dealing with them. The types of risk your business faces strategic, for example a competitor coming on to the market. compliance, for example responding to the introduction of new health and safety legislation. financial, for example non-payment by a customer or increased interest charges on a business loan. operational, for example the breakdown or theft of key equipment. (4.1) Managing Risk Of Jet Airways: Jet Airways falls in the strategic risk and the operational risk. Strategic and Operational Risk: Overview of cyber-security and best practices in fraud prevention. Understanding key fundamentals of PCI Data Security Standards and what airlines need to do to align with the necessary requirements. Risk management in Jet Airways: Fraud prevention strategies and processes. Strategies in IVR risk control. The way forward in risk management. (5.0) Strategy and Ethics of JET AIRWAYS: Strategy of Jet Airways: The main strategy of Jet Airways is to maintain service quality. Jet Airways (India) Ltd. has earned the distinction of receiving the IATA Operational Safety Audit (IOSA) Registration. The airline has successfully completed the Operational Safety Audit and has entered into the IOSA Registry. One of the strategies that Jet Airways is following: Jet Airways strategy: removing a row to gain passenger space Mumbai: After having removed a row of seats from some of its planes to increase overall leg room for passengers, Jet Airways (India) Ltd is using an innovative, three-dimensional billboard campaign to sell the concept. Developed by Mudra Groups outdoor unit Primesite, the Mumbai billboards have images of two chairs sitting close to each other, and then one drifting on railings to reveal the message: Weve removed a row to give you more space. The row of seats has been done away with in Jets 737-800s series planes. Removal of rows to create space for cramped passengers isnt a new idea as many airlines, especially in the US, have used similar tactics and messages to differentiate their planes from rivals. Several other companies, such as auto makers (with sections of cars) and even coffee companies (Bru used chairs and tables) have used three-dimensional billboards to stand out. Says Gaurang Shetty, vice- president, marketing, Jet Airways: We wanted to create an impact and effectively communicate that we have removed a row of seats from our domestic flights, thereby giving more space on our domestic flights. The outdoor innovation has only been done in Mumbai considering the restrictions on the same in other metros. We would be communicating through hoardings in Delhi, Chennai, Kolkata and Bangalore. Sanjeev Hajela, president, Primesite, says the campaign has a budget of Rs55-60 lakh. Jet is a large user of outdoor media and is believed to spend as much as Rs10-Rs12 crore a year, some 20% of the airlines marketing spend. Jet Airways was one of the early entrants in the aviation business, as also the first private airline to fly to overseas destinations and had a relatively simple creative message: Jet Flies to 44 Domestic and 8 International Destinations. Notes Jagdeep Kapoor, managing director of Samsika Marketing Consultants Pvt. Ltd: Earlier, the positioning of the Jet brand was such that it reflected aspirational value. It was an aspired brand while all the rest were tired and perspired brands. Today its different. They have found a competitor in their own league in form of Kingfisher. There is a switch taking place, with some customers shifting loyalties to Kingfisher. He classifies Jets growth in terms of three Ss: Sustenance, Service and the need to (Speed Up). In spite of not being the first entrant in the aviation space, the Jet brand grew steadily, sustained and survived. Later on, Jet grew to be the best premium brand in the whole country by highlighting the service aspect. In service, they were unparalleled and premium. Today, its different and Jet needs to speed up. They need to aggressively build themselves as a brand, and advertise themselves like a consumer brand if they need to beat Kingfisher. 2) Ethics of Jet Airways: The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (Code) has been adopted by Jet Airways (India) Limited to comply with applicable law and the rules and regulations of the Stock Exchanges on which the securities of the Company are listed. (6.0) Strategic and Operational Conflict: Strategic Planning: Long term. Affect widely. Generic. Org. People and other org. People. Operational Planning: Short term. Narrow/limited scope. Detailed. Within orgs. People. Strategic v Operational Conflict: Jet Airways has some strategic v operational conflict and they are: Jet Airways (India) Ltd.s three- day conflict with its pilots is costing the nations second- largest airline passengers and may hamper plans to raise $400 million to buy new planes. The last thing investors want to see when the airlines trying to raise funds is a crisis like this, Kapil Kaul, chief executive officer of the Indian unit of Centre for Asia Pacific Aviation, an industry adviser said yesterday. This is a wildfire and they need to put out as soon as possible. Alternate Arrangements: Jet Airways is endeavouring to make alternate arrangements on other airlines wherever possible and our airport teams will assist its guests to the fullest extent, Jet Air said. (7.0) Recommendations: As a result, we can say that Jet Airways is following different types of environmental analysis and strategic planning models to run their organization and their main strategy is to give service quality to the customer. So from this, we have conclude that Jet Airways is focusing on the services which they are giving to the customers to gain their loyalty and trust and to become the worlds no.1 airline industry. Due to lack of primary research we cant access more information about the company. References: Online links: http://www.jetairways.com/EN/GB/AboutUs/QualityCertification.aspx, contains the strategy of Jet Airways. http://www.jetairways.com/EN/KE/AboutUs/CodeOfConduct.aspx, contains The Code of Conduct. http://www.scribd.com/doc/8718529/Jet-Airways, it contains SWOT analysis and PEST analysis of Jet Airways. http://www.livemint.com/2007/11/25233107/Jet-Airways-strategy-removing.html